Neumoi viec deu thuan loi, viec cai dat Windows  Home Server  Connector(cung voi Console) se rat don gian – ban chi viec dua dia CD vao o roithuc hien theo cac buoc yeu cau, nhu vay la ban da san sang cho vieccai dat.

Neu moi thu khong suon se, cho du ban da co gang  hetsuc de tim ra loi - co the la loi do may tinh  cua ban, do phien ban  cuaWindows, do mang, do phan mem  hoac la loi do router.. khi co mot loimang thi co rat nhieu moi kha nang deu la co the. Neu thay mot thongbao nhu hinh duoi thi ban can su giup do.

Neu ban thay thong bao  nay khi cai dat Windows  Home Server  Connector
thi la do loi NetBIOS qua TCP/IP

Neuphat hien ra Windows  Home Server  Connector se khong cai dat thi van dedon gian la do NetBIOS noi qua TCP/IP khong duoc kich hoat tren manghoac tren may tinh. WHS su dung NetBIOS thong qua TCP/IP de nhan bietcac thiet bi tren mang va de truyen tai thong tin  trong mang. NeuNetBIOS thong qua TCP/IP khong con hoat dong  thi ban qua that khongmay.

Trong Windows  co 3 cach thiet lap NetBIOS thong quaTCP/IP do la bat, tat hoac la cac thiet lap tu bo dinh tuyen. Mac dinhthi WindowXP va Window Vista duoc thiet lap de su dung NetBIOS tu bodinh tuyen cua ban.

Neu ban gap loi khi dang cai dat va chayWHS, hay kiem tra NetBIOS thong qua cac xac lap TCP/IP thi hay chacchan rang chung chua bi tat nguon. Sau day la mot so diem khac nhaugiua Windows Vista  va Windows  XP.

Doi voi Windows Vista:

1. Chon Control Panel -> Network and Internet -> Network and Sharing Center -> Manage Network Connections. Se xuat hien mot bang thong bao  thong tin  ket noi.

2. An chuot phai va chon Properties. Tren man hinh  se xuat hien hop thoai The Local Area Connection  Properties nhu hinh minh hoa phia duoi.

3. Chon muc Internet Protocol  Version  4 (TCP/IP) roi chon Properties, sau do click chon nut Advance.

Chon Internet  Protocol  Version  4 (TCP/IP) va ban co the tim thay
cac thiet lap NetBIOS thong qua TCP/IP

4. Chon the WINS. Se xuat hien hop thoai nhu hinh duoi. Tai cuoi hop thoai, ban se thay cac thiet lap NetBIOS. Hay chac chan rang da lua chon Default. An chon Okva tiep tuc cho toi khi cac hop thoai hien thi deu khong xuat hien. Banco the se phai khoi dong lai may tinh  de cap nhat cac thiet lap moi.

Ban se ket thuc o buoc nay. Day la thiet lap NetBIOS thong qua TCP/IP

Doi voi Windows XP, nhan phai chuot vao My Network Places, sau do nhan phai chuot vao bieu tuong ket noi mang cua may ban va chon Properties. Sau do chon Internet Protocol  (TCP/IP), chon tiep Properties, an chon nut Advance va thuc hien theo buoc 4 o tren.

Neuthuc hien cac buoc tren ma van khong sua duoc loi thi van de co the lado bo dinh tuyen (router) cua ban. Neu bo dinh tuyen khong ho troNetBIOS thong qua TCP/IP hoac la cac ho tro khong thich hop thi da gaploi. That khong may la chung ta chua co mot danh sach cac bo dinh tuyennao co the ho tro NetBIOS do do khong co mot cach thuc cu the nao dechung thuc xem cac bo dinh tuyen do co ho tro hay khong.

Cachtot nhat la cap nhat chuong trinh  co so (firmware) cua bo dinh tuyen.Hay kiem tra thong tin  hang san xuat de xem huong dan  cach cap nhat.Toi co mot Linksys WRT54GX4 va luc dau khong the cai dat Windows  HomeServer Console. Tuy nhien, moi lan nang cap  firmware  thi no cu roi tunglen.

Neu nhu viec cap nhat bo dinh tuyen van khong dem lai ket qua thi hay quay tro lai man hinh  thiet lap NetBIOS, chon Enable NetBIOS over TCP/IP va an Okcho toi khi cho toi khi cac hop thoai hien thi deu khong xuat hien. Banco the se phai khoi dong lai may tinh  de cap nhat cac thiet lap moi.

Lam viec voi phuong phap truy cap  tu xa

Mottrong nhung dac tinh dac biet nhat cua WHS do la truy cap  tu xa. O batki noi dau thong qua viec truy cap  Internet  ban cung co the ket noi tuxa toi WHS de truy cap  vao cac file va cac thu muc. Tham chi la bancung co the dieu khien tu xa bat ki mot may tinh  nao trong mang cungnhu co the truy cap  vao may tinh  do.

Tuy nhien thi co motvai van de co the se vo hieu hoa ket noi cua ban. Trong phan con laicua bai nay toi se chi cho ban cach sua nhung loi do. Chu y rang toi sekhong dua ra nhung chi dan tung buoc mot ve cach tao ra ket noi boi vino khong nam trong pham vi cua bai nay. Ban hay tim tai lieu  WHS debiet them thong tin. Thay vao do toi se chi dua ra cac cach sua nhungloi ma ban mac phai.

Neu gap van de voi viec tao ket noi, banco the phai thay doi cac thiet lap cua bo dinh vi de no tuong thich voiWHS. Do do ban se phai kiem tra chi tiet thong tin  cua bo dinh tuyen.Trong bai nay, toi se chi cho ban cach thuc hien dieu nay bang LinksysWRT54GX4. Cac chi dan se giong hoac y het nhu cac bo dinh vi Linksyskhac. Noi cach khac thi noi dung  se giong nhau nhung hien thi len manhinh se khac nhau.

Truoc khi bat dau, ban nen tim hieu motchut ve bo dinh tuyen, may chu  va dia chi IP. Bo dinh tuyen duoc ganmot dia chi IP  dong boi nha cung cap, vi du nhu 66.32.43.98.. Day ladia chi IP ngoai, la dia chi IP  su dung tren Internet  va no co the bithay doi bat ki luc nao.

Bo dinh tuyen su dung chuyen doi diachi mang de chia se  dia chi IP  ngoai giua cac may tinh  trong mang.Nhung moi may tinh  cung co 1 dia chi IP  rieng, vi du nhu 192.168.1.100,192.168.1.101. Bo dinh tuyen co mot may chu  Dynamic Host ConfigurationProtocol duoc cai dat san gan dia chi IP  trong tren moi may tinh. Nhungdia chi IP trong nay cho phep may tinh  giao tiep voi cac may khac vatruy cap vao Internet. Cac dinh nghia tren chi la phu, gio chung ta haytim hieu ve mot so loi hay gap.

Saukhi cho phep mot tai khoan  nguoi dung  rieng duoc quyen truy cap  tu xa,ban se phai bao cho WHS de cho phep ket noi. Day chinh la luc ban cothe da gap loi. Hay kich hoat Windows  Home Server  Console, ket noi voiWHS roi chon Settings --> Remote Access. Se xuat hien tren man hinh  hop thoai sau:

Cho phep truy cap  tu xa

Neu nut Web  Site Connectivity chua duoc bat, hay an Turn On. Tiep do tai muc Router, an nut Setup.Mot thong bao  xuat hien se bao cho ban cau hinh cong chuyen tiep cua bodinh tuyen (router). Voi cong chuyen tiep nay thi khi co mot truy captu xa toi thi bo dinh tuyen se phan hoi nhung yeu cau do toi cho mayWHS. Neu khong co cong chuyen tiep thi se khong the truy cap  vao maychu tu xa duoc.

O vi tri ma cac loi duoc phat hien. WHS co thecau hinh tu dong bo dinh tuyen neu nhu cac bo dinh tuyen su dungUniversal Plug and Play (UPnP). Neu ban thay mot thong bao  loi noi rangbo dinh tuyen cua ban khong ho tro UpnP, truoc het hay kiem tra xemthuc su bo dinh tuyen co ho tro hay khong, co rat nhieu bo dinh tuyenho tro UpnP nhung khong duoc kich hoat theo mac dinh. Hay kiem tra chitiet thong tin  ve bo dinh tuyen cua ban.

Doi voi LinksysWRT54GX4, ban dang nhap vao bo dinh tuyen bang cach vao dia chi192.1681.1 tren trinh duyet, hay de trong phan ten dang nhap va trong omat khau hay dien admin (neu ban da thay doi mat khau  thi hay dien matkhau cua ban). Tiep do an Administration tren man hinh  se xuat hien nhu sau, hay tim den muc UPnP chon Enable roi chon Save Settings. Tiep theo ban quay lai muc Router tai WHS va an nut Setup. Bay gio thi may tinh  da co the cau hinh tu dong.

Kich hoat UpnP cho mot Linksys WRT54GX4

Thamchi neu nhu ban da kich hoat UpnP, WHS co the se khong cau hinh congchuyen tiep. Neu nhu vay thi ban se phai tu chuyen tiep giua bo dinh viva cau hinh cac cong chuyen tiep.

Khi ban thuc hien dieu nay,tat ca cac thong tin  den tai cac cong rieng biet se duoc chuyen toiWHS. Chi tiet hon, khi tao mot ket noi tu xa toi WHS ban se ket noi quaba cong do la cong 80, 443 va 4125. Chung se thong bao  cho bo dinhtuyen di theo thong tin  tu cac cong do toi WHS.

Dau tien bancan phai tim ra dia chi IP  cua WHS. Tren moi mot may tinh  Windows  XPtrong mang, hay thuc hien mot lenh bang cach chon Start --> Run, Go CMD vao o roi an Ok. Neu ban dung Windows  Vista, go CMD tren thanh Start Search. Sau khi da mo duoc cua so lenh hay go net view roi an Enter. Sau khi thuc hien lenh, ban se thay cac dong sau:

C:UsersPreston>net view

Server Name Remark

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\PRESTONSERVER
\VISTA-DESKTOP
\VISTA-LAPTOP
The command completed successfully.

Timten WHS, co the la ten ban dat khi thiet lap WHS hay la ten thiet lapmac dinh. Chung ta goi do la PRESTONSERVER. Tiep theo tai dong lenh haythuc hien lenh ping theo ten cua may chu, nhu sau:

ping PRESTONSERVER

Ta duoc ket qua nhu sau:

C:UsersPreston>ping PRESTONSERVER

Pinging PRESTONSERVER [192.168.1.103] with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 192.168.1.103: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128
Reply from 192.168.1.103: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128
Reply from 192.168.1.103: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128
Reply from 192.168.1.103: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128

Ping statistics for 192.168.1.103: 
    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
    Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms

Haychu y so IP sau ten bo dinh tuyen. Day la dia chi IP  cua mang. Hay ghira giay, ban se can dia chi nay de cau hinh cong chuyen tiep. Trong vidu tren ta co dia chi IP  la 192.168.1.103.

Buoc tiep theo, bancan phai thong bao  cho bo dinh tuyen tuan theo tat ca cac ket noi tucong 80, 443 va 4125 toi dia chi IP  192.168.1.103. Doi voi LinksysWRT54GX4, de truy cap  vao man hinh  quan tri  hay chon Applications & Gaming --> Port Range Forwarding. Hay dien vao bang nhu trong hinh. Tai muc ten ung dung  hay dien mot ten vi du nhu Home Server, ban khong phai ban khoan nhieu ve ten ma ban dua ra. O dong dau tien, trong ca Start va End, ban dien 80 va chon BOTH tu list so xuong. Trong muc dia chi IP  hay dien 103. Hay chon hop kiem Enable. Hay lam tuong tu voi 2 dong khac cho cong 443 va cong 4125. An Save Settings. Ban da hoan thanh xong cac buoc! Cong chuyen tiep da bat dau hoat dong.

Cau hinh bo dinh tuyen Linksys chuyen thong tin  toi WHS

Khi ban da hoan thanh cac buoc tren, hay quay tro lai Windows  Home Server  Console, mo Remote Access  Settings va hoan thanh viec cau hinh truy cap  tu xa bang cach an Setup ben canh phan Domain  Name.

Baygio hay thuc hien cac chi dan cho viec truy cap  tu xa toi WHS va dieukhien mot may tinh  bat ki trong mang cua ban. Hinh minh hoa duoi day lamot may tinh  da duoc dieu khien thong qua ket noi WHS tu xa.

Dieu khien mot may tinh  tu xa su dung WHS

Luu y cuoi cung

Neunhu dia chi IP  trong cua WHS thay doi vi bat cu li do gi, ban se phaicau hinh lai cong chuyen tiep va su dung dia chi IP  moi. Tai sao ma diachi IP lai thay doi? Co the do ban khoi dong lai bo dinh tuyen thi diachi IP se thay doi. De khac phuc  loi nay ban se phai gan cho WHS motdia chi IP tinh. De biet them chi tiet cach gan mot dia chi IP  tinh chomot may tinh  hay xem bai nay.

Preston Gralla la mot nha bien tap cho Computerworld.com va la tac gia  cua tren 35 quyen sach, trong do co How the Internet  Works.

Ban co y kien gi ve bai viet Xu ly cac van de trong Windows Home Server nay? Hay goi suy nghi, binh luan, danh gia, loi khuyen ... cua ban ve bai viet Xu ly cac van de trong Windows Home Server ban tai day.