Cai dat phan mem tu Tarball trong Linux - Ban co dau.
Cai dat phan mem tu Tarball trong Linux - Ban khong dau.

Neu biet nhung gi minh muon, ban chi can thong bao  cho bo quan ly goi phan mem rang ban muon no, cong viec  con lai bo quan ly se tim ra phan mem nay, download, cai dat va cau hinh goi phan mem moi do cho ban.Mac du vay doi khi co nhung goi phan mem khong ton tai trong kho phan phoi cua ban. Thong thuong, trong cac truong hop giong nhu vay, ban chi con co mot cach do la download  mot tarball (thuong la .tar.gz, .tar.bz, hoac .tgz) gom co ma nguon cho chuong trinh  ma ban phai tu bien dich. Dieu nay ban dau nghe co ve ghe gom, tuy nhien viec bien dich tu cac ma nguon thuong la mot qua trinh rat don gian va nhanh chong. Trong bai nay chung toi  se gioi thieu  cho cac ban cach thuc hien do.

Dau tien, cac ban can phai luu y rang khong phai tat ca tarball deu giong nhau. Huong dan  nay se thua nhan rang chuong trinh  ma ban muon cai dat la mot chuong trinh  co ma nguon GNU-style thong dung. Voi muc dich cua huong dan  nay, chung toi  se bien dich goi ma nguon Python 3.0.1 tu trang chu  cua Python.

Bung tarball

Voi nhung nguoi con moi voi Linux  thi tarball la mot thuat ngu duoc su dung chung nham am chi mot file co chua cac file khac. No gan giong nhu mot file nen ZIP hoac RAR trong Windows, ngoai tru chuong trinh  tar khong nen cac file. Tar lam viec  voi mot chuong trinh  nen nhu gzip de nen cac file, day la ly do  tai sao ban thay hai duoi mo rong (.tar va .gz). Cac duoi mo rong nay doi khi con duoc viet tat la .tgz.

Tuy nhien khong can phai chay hai chuong trinh  rieng biet de bung cac file ma chung ta chi can lenh cho tar chay cac file thong qua gzip de giai nen. Ban co the su dung tien ich do hoa  de bung cac file nay bang cach kich dup vao tarball tu bo quan ly file cua minh, hoac co the thuc hien dieu do bang dong lenh:

tar -zxvf mytarball.tar.gz

Cac tuy chon chung ta cung cap cho tar duoc mo ta ben duoi:

• -z de lenh cho tar chay file nay thong qua gzip de giai nen (su dung –j cho cac file bzip)
• -x de bung cac file
• -v cho “verbose”, de chung ta co the thay danh sach cac file dang bung
• -f de lenh cho tar rang chung ta dang lam viec  voi mot file

Configure

Khi cac file duoc bung ra, mo mot command terminal va vao thu muc noi cac file duoc giai nen trong do. Truoc khi bien dich, chung ta can chay kich ban cau hinh. Cong viec  cua kich ban cau hinh la kiem tra he thong  cua ban ve tat ca nhung gi phan mem can thiet de bien dich chuong trinh  tu ma nguon thanh chuong trinh  nhi phan co the su dung duoc. No se tim kiem  nhung thu nhu phien ban  gcc va cac cong cu can thiet khac de xay dung  phan mem. Khi ban nam trong thu muc voi tat ca cac file da duoc bung tu tarball, hay danh vao

./configure

Neu tat ca deu dien ra tot dep, lenh tren se kiem tra mot loat cac phan khac nhau cua he thong  ban, sau do dua ban tro lai dong lenh nhu ben duoi:

Van de gay ra loi chung nhat trong buoc nay la mat dependency. Hay quan sat bat cu loi nao ma ban gap phai de xac dinh xem goi phan mem nao bi thieu.

Make

Day la phan cot loi cua qua trinh – noi chung ta bien dich ma nguon thanh mot chuong trinh  co kha nang chay. Day la buoc don gian nhat, chi yeu cau mot lenh don gian. Neu buoc cau hinh hoan tat ma khong co loi, ban chi can danh vao

make

Doi voi cac chuong trinh  lon, buoc nay co the mat den vai phut. Khi qua trinh ket thuc, ban se duoc dua quay tro lai shell nhac lenh nhu the hien ben duoi.

Chuong trinh cua ban luc nay da hoan toan san sang cho su dung. Mac du vay ban van nen chay them mot buoc nua de chuong trinh  co the duoc cai dat hoan toan vao dung location va co the chay tu bat cu dau.

Make install

Tat ca nhung gi can thiet luc nay la copy  chuong trinh  vua duoc bien dich vao cac thu muc he thong  nhu /usr/bin de co the chay tu bat cu thu muc nao ma khong can chi dinh duong dan den cac file. Do no se copy  den mot thu muc ben ngoai thu muc chu nen ban co the can den cac dac quyen root. Neu buoc nay duoc hoan tat ma khong co loi, ban hay chay

sudo make install

de copy  cac file. Den day, ban da hoan thanh xong phan viec cua minh. Chuong trinh  moi cua ban co the duoc su dung giong nhu bat cu chuong trinh  nao dang chay khac.

Cac meo

Ban co the bien dich tu ma nguon nhieu lan (nhat la voi nhung nguoi muon su dung cac chuong trinh  moi nhat) nen de lam cho qua trinh bien dich do de dang hon, ban hay mo file .bashrc cua minh tu thu muc chu va bo sung them cac alias duoi day vao phan cuoi cua no:

alias ungz="tar -zxvf"alias unbz="tar -jxvf"alias cmi="./configure && make && sudo make install"

Hien tai chua co binh luan nao ve bai viet Cai dat phan mem tu Tarball trong Linux!

Ban co y kien gi ve bai viet Cai dat phan mem tu Tarball trong Linux nay? Hay goi suy nghi, binh luan, danh gia, loi khuyen ... cua ban ve bai viet Cai dat phan mem tu Tarball trong Linux ban tai day.