Va ban co the se khong bao giohoan tat mot cach thanh thoat nhung nhiem cu ho tro ky thuat, tuy nhienvoi cac meo ve bao tri va thiet lap nay, ban co the cat giam duoc socac cuoc goi khan cap yeu cau su tro giup.

1. Su dung cac tai khoan de giam thieu nhung rac roi

Neu ban nghi minh se ton nhieu thoi gian  cho viecbao tri may Mac  cua ai do, hay tao mot tai khoan quan tri  vien cho banthan ban. Dieu nay se cho phep ban dat moi thu dung cho neu can va chophep thiet lap mot tai khoan han che cho nguoi dung  chinh cua Mac, taikhoan nay co the giup nguoi dung  tranh duoc tinh trang lon xon doi voimay tinh. OS X 10.4 (Tiger) va OS X 10.5 (Leopard) cung cap hai tuychon cho viec han che nguoi dung  – tai khoan chuan va tai khoan duocquan ly (tuong ung standard account va managed account).

Tai khoan chuan - Standard account:Tai khoan chuan co the han che nguoi dung  tao cac thu muc va luu cacfile vao cac vung nao do cua thu muc chu (Home) (ho co the luu cac filevao thu muc Documents chu khong phai muc goc cua o dia cung hoac thumuc Library cua thu muc Home). Nguoi dung  chuan co the truy cap  cacchuong trinh, tuy nhien ho khong duoc phep cai dat phan mem hoac sudung cac panel  tham chieu tiem tang nhung moi nguy hiem chang han nhutrong phan chia se  va ket noi mang, ca hai deu yeu cau ten va mat khauquan tri vien khi truy cap. Kieu tai khoan nay rat huu dung cho nhungnguoi chuyen sang tu Windows, day la nhung nguoi da quen voi cac maytinh nhung lai kho khan trong viec su dung giao dien  moi.

De thiet lap mot tai khoan chuan trong Leopard, ban co the vao panel  tham chieu Accounts, kich vao khoa, nhap vao mat khau, kich tiep dau cong (+) de bo sung them nguoi dung, chon “Standard” tu menu “New Account”. Trong phan Tiger, bat cu tai khoan moi nao ma ban tao se deu la tai khoan chuan mot cach mac dinh.

Phu thuoc vao muc ky nang cua nguoi dung  ma ban cothe don gian hoa giao dien. Co mot cach de thuc hien dieu do la go bocac muc it lien quan ra khoi Dock. Cho vi du, neu mot ai do khong baogio can quan tam  toi tinh nang GarageBand cua Apple, hay kich va giubieu tuong GarageBand Dock, sau do chon Remove From Dock.Ban cung co the sap xep lai thu tu cac muc trong Dock de cac ung dungthuong duoc su dung hon o phia trai con cac chuong trinh  khac nam bencanh do. Hoac ban cung co the tao cac alias cho cac ung dung duoc sudung nhieu bang cach Control-click vao bieu tuong chuong trinh va chon Make Alias, sau do dat chung ra desktop.

Neu ban so rang nguoi dung  se vo tinh truy cap  vao cac cung co tiem tang su nguy hiem cua phan vung startup, hay vao Finder -> Preferences, chon tab General, vo hieu hoa kha nang thay cac o dia cung tren desktop. Cach khac co the thuc hien la kich tab Sidebar va vo hieu hoa cac tuy chon Computer, Hard Disks, External Disks. Viec chuyen cac muc nay nhu vay se lam cho nguoi dung  tranh nhung bat chac do vo tinh.

Tai khoan quan ly - Managed account:Day la kieu tai khoan van duoc su dung boi cac bac cha me, nham han cheviec su dung Mac  doi voi con cai, cac tai khoan loai nay (tai khoan cocac dieu khien cua cha me cua OS X da su dung chung) cung co the rathuu dung doi voi nhung nguoi dung  chua co nhieu kinh nghiem.

De thiet lap mot tai khoan quan ly trong Leopard,ban hay thuc hien theo cac huong dan  co truoc cho viec tao mot taikhoan moi, tuy nhien lai chon Managed With Parental Controls tu menu New Account. Khi da tao duoc tai khoan, ban hay kich nut Open Parental Controls (sau do ban co the truy cap  vao cac tuy chon nay truc tiep  tu panel  tham chieu Parental Controls). Trong phan Tiger, tao mot tai khoan moi, sau do kich tab Parental Controls de kich hoat cac tuy chon trong do, co the nhu Mail hoac Finder & System.

Tinh nang Simple Finder la mot tinhnang rat tuyet voi cho nhung nguoi dung  moi vi no sap dat gon gang giaodien va ngan khong cho nguoi dung  cham phai nhung thu co the khien hogap truc trac. Cho vi du, no co the go bieu tuong o dia cung khoi manhinh desktop, don gian hoa cac menu va cung cap mot Dock don gian chichua Trash va ba thu muc - My Applications, Documents va Shared. Dekich hoat Simple Finder trong Leopard, kich tab Parental Controls, sau do chon nut Configure ben canh muc Finder & System.

Ban co the chon ung dung nao ma nguoi dung  duoc phepsu dung. Trong Leopard, ban hay truy cap  vao cac dieu khien nay o phanduoi cua tab System. Trong Tiger, ban se thay cac tuy chon trong cua sogiong nhu cua so duoc su dung de kich hoat Simple Finder. Neu tao taikhoan nay cho mot nguoi lon, khi do ban khong can phai lo lang  ve viecloc noi dung, mail, nguoi chat, hoac tao nhung han che ve thoi gian.

2. Loi dung Internet

Nhieu nguoi dung  Mac  mua cac may tinh  chu yeu deluot web  va kiem tra email. Dieu nay co the dan den nhung thac mac veky thuat luc giua dem nhu chang han toi khong the vao duoc it hoacemail cua toi khong lam viec. Day chinh la cac buoc de giam thieu socac cuoc goi vao thoi diem nay.

Dieu chinh Mail: Cac van de veemail va nhung cau hoi  la dieu chac chan xay ra. Tuy nhien neu cau hinhmot cach can than Mail  cua Apple  thi ban co the giam duoc rat nhieu vande su co trong qua trinh lam viec.

Voi nhung nguoi dung  Leopard, hay bat dau bang cachdang ky mot tai khoan Gmail mien phi  – Gmail khong phai la e-mailclient chinh cua ho ma chi la loi dung may chu  mail  (SMTP) gui di cuaGmail. Dieu nay co the rat huu dung neu nguoi dung  di tren duong voimot laptop. Mot so dich vu  Wi-Fi ngan chan cong SMTP cua tai khoanchinh gui mail. Mac du vay, may chu  SMTP cua Gmail lai ho tro nhieucong SMTP nen ban van co the gui email trong truong hop nay. Mac dinh,he thong Mail  cua Leopard truoc tien se co gang  gui tu may chu  SMTPchinh, neu lan gui nay bi that bi, no se thu voi cac may chu  SMTP khacda duoc cau hinh tren Mac. (Mail cua Tiger khong ho tro viec gui di tunhieu may chu  SMTP).

Viec cau hinh tai khoan Gmail trong Mail  cua Leopard het suc don gian. Ban chi can chon File -> Add Account, sau do nhap vao ten cua nguoi dung, dia chi Gmail va mat khau  trong cua so Add Account. Neu tuy chon Automatically Set Up Account duoc chon, Mail  se dien trong cac thiet lap may chu  POP va SMTP cho ban.

De tranh tinh trang junk e-mail tran ngap nguoi dung, va de bao dam junk mail  duoc chuyen den mot thu muc Junk khac cua rieng ho, ban co the mo Mail -> Preferences, kich vao tab Junk Mail, chon tuy chon Enable Junk Mail  Filtering, sau do chon tuy chon Move It To The Junk Mailbox. Can phai bao dam rang tuy chon Filter Junk Mail  Before Applying My Rules cung duoc chon.

Chup anh man hinh: Rat co the doikhi ban phai cau hinh lai cac ket noi mang va Internet. Viec ghi laicac thong tin  ma ban can cung cap de thuc hien dieu do la mot su songcon boi rat co the nhung nguoi dung  moi co cac cau hoi  dai loai nhu:“Dia chi subnet mask cua ISP  cua ban la gi?”

Chup anh cac cua so quan trong  (Command-Shift-3).Day la cach de dang nhat de in ra mot copy  cho nguoi ma ban dang trogiup. Neu ban thich giu mot ho so dien tu  cho ban than  minh, trongLeopard hay dieu huong den panel  tham chieu Network, chon kieu ket noi cua may tinh  (Ethernet hoac AirPort) va thuc hien chup anh cua so man hinh. Kich nut Advanced, vao tab TCP/IP va thuc hien chup anh mot cua so khac. Trong Tiger, mo panel  tham chieu Networkse lam xuat hien mot cua so phan chieu cac thiet lap TCP/IP cua ket noiInternet hien hanh. Ban cung nen chup anh man hinh  cac thiet lap emailcua nguoi dung, cac thiet lap nay ban co the tim duoc trong tab Accounts cua cua so Preferences cua Mail.

Tuong tu nhu vay, neu mot ai do ma ban dang tro giupco mot router khong day nhu AirPort Extreme Base Station chang han, hayluu mot file cau hinh. De thuc hien dieu do, hay mo AirPort Utility, sau do kich dup vao tram goc de xuat hien cac thiet lap, chon File -> Save A Copy  Asde luu fle cau hinh ma ban co the nap lai neu can thiet. (O day, bancung co the kich tab Internet  trong cua so Settings va thuc hien chupmot so hinh anh  cho cac tab Internet  Connection  va DHCP).

Xu ly cac van de mat khau: Voi ratnhieu trang mang xa hoi, trang thuong mai  dien tu, trang ngan hang,…,nguoi dung web  cang phai tao va nho so luong  mat khau  ngay cang nhieu.De giup nhung nguoi dung  moi dieu huong Internet  tron tru hon, ban haysu dung he thong  luu va lay lai mat khau.

Cach viet ra mat khau  email, iTunes va cac mat khauquan tri vien va cat chung vao mot dia diem  an toan nao do cung la motcach lam tot. Tuy nhien doi voi cac mat khau  web, Safari  cho ban luumot so ten dang nhap va mat khau  theo mot chuoi neu cho phep no thuchien nhu vay, tuy nhien ung dung nay lai khong nhac nho ban luu chung.Chinh vi vay, de khac phuc  diem yeu do, ban co the can nhac den giaiphap 1Password cua Agile Web  Solutions, day la mot cong cu rat de sudung va cho phep ban luu va nho lai mat khau  cung nhu kha nang tu dongdien cac thong tin  the tin dung.

3. Nam kiem soat tu xa

Leopard cho phep ban cau hinh Mac  de co the ket noiva dieu khien no tu xa. Ban co the su dung instant messaging client,iChat, day la nhung tinh nang phat huy duoc nhung kha nang chia se  manhinh cho viec ho tro tu xa. Day la cac buoc thuc hien:

Dang ky AIM: AIM la mot dich vu  iChat-compatible mien phi  cua AOL. Ban co the truy cap  vao AIM Web  site va dang ky mot tai khoan co ten Norbert.

Bo sung mot tai khoan AIM vao iChat: Khoi chay iChat— khi do ban se gap mot cua so Account Setup. Chon AIM Account tu menu Account Type va nhap vao ten va mat khau trong cac truong tuong ung. Kich Done.

Bo sung them ban nhu mot nguoi than: Trong iChat, chon Buddies -> Add Buddy; trong trang bang tinh xuat hien, nhap vao ten tai khoan AIM hay MobileMe cua ban, ca ho va ten cua ban.

Bat man hinh  chia se: Trong iChat, chon Video -> Screen Sharing Enabled.Khong can thiet bat tinh nang chia se  man hinh  trong panel  Sharingpreference neu ban muon xem man hinh  cua Mac  thong qua iChat.

Bo sung ban than vao iChat cua ban: Tren Mac  cua ban, bo sung Norbert voi tu cach la ban than (su dung qua trinh duoc mo ta o tren).

Bat dau chia se: Khi Norbert gap suco, ban hay yeu cau anh ta khoi chay iChat va doi yeu cau chia se  manhinh cua ban. De gui di mot yeu cau chia se  man hinh, chon ten man hinhcua Norbert trong danh sach ban than iChat Buddy, kich nut Start ScreenSharing o phia duoi cua cua so (bieu tuong man hinh  xep chong), chon“Ask to Share nameofuser’s Screen”. Khi yeu cau xuat hientren man  hinh cua Norbert, hay bao anh ta kich vao nut Accept. Manhinh cua anh ta se xuat hien tren may tinh  cua ban; hay bao anh takhong su dung chuot de ban co the dieu khien may cua anh ta va giup anhta khac phuc  van de mac phai.

Ban co y kien gi ve bai viet Giam nhung rac roi trong ho tro ky thuat cho Mac nay? Hay goi suy nghi, binh luan, danh gia, loi khuyen ... cua ban ve bai viet Giam nhung rac roi trong ho tro ky thuat cho Mac ban tai day.